Common Terminology
Git has a lot of jargon. Here is a quick reference to help you speak the language.
Repository (Repo)
A folder containing all your project files and revision history.
Commit
A snapshot of your changes. Like a 'save point' in a game.
Stage (Index)
The area where you prepare files before committing them.
Branch
A parallel version of your code. Used to work on features in isolation.
Merge
Combining changes from one branch into another.
Clone
Downloading a copy of a remote repository to your local machine.
Fork
A copy of someone else's repository on your own GitHub account.
Pull Request (PR)
A request to merge your changes into the original repository.
Remote
A version of your repository hosted on the internet (e.g., GitHub).
Origin
The default name for the remote repository you cloned from.
Upstream
The original repository you forked from.
HEAD
A pointer to the latest commit on your current branch.
Conflict
When Git can't automatically merge changes because lines overlap.